开发PHP小项目-查询录取结果（2）：后端设计

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开发PHP小项目-查询录取结果（2）：后端设计

数据库设计

  • 新建数据库，库名search，字符集为utf8 – UTF-8 Unicodeimage-20200921220934343

  • 新建表student，四个字段，一个num（准考证）一个name（学生姓名）一个sdept(院系) 一个profession（专业）

    image-20201021215856080

  • 新建表admin，管理员信息表，id设置为自动递增，默认为1。

    image-20200921221706689

路由设计

  • 路由选择用文件包含，通过GET传进参数实现跳转页面。在准考文件夹新建一个index.php文件作为路由。

  • 这里用到一个issst（）函数，用于检测变量是否已设置并且非空。返回值为true和false

  • <?php

if(isset($_GET['a'])){

    $router=$_GET['a'];
}else{

    $router='search';//默认页面为search.php
}
switch ($router) {
    case 'search':
        include('search.php');
        break;
    
     case 'login':
     include('login.php');
     break;
     case 'upload':
     include('upload.php');
     break;
     case 'update':
     include('update.php');
     break;
     case '':
     include('insert.php');
     break;
 }
?>

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    #### 登录验证设计

    在login.php的基础上改写。主要是将登录成功的用户名存入session中，以便保存登录状态。

    ```php
    if($data->num_rows){
    session_start();
    $_SESSION['account']=$account;//将用户名存入session
    echo '<script>alert("登陆成功");window.location.href="index.php?a=upload";</script>';
    }else{
    echo ( "<script >alert('账号或密码错误')</script>");
    }
    }
    

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if(isset($_POST['account']))//检查表单是否提交用户名
 //验证用户名和密码是否正确
$account=trim($_POST['account']);
$passwd = trim($_POST['passwd']);
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
    mysqli_set_charset($conn, "utf8");	
$sql = "SELECT * FROM admin WHERE account='$account' and
passwd='$passwd'";
$data = $conn->query($sql);

完整代码：

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<?php
$servername = "127.0.0.1";
$username = "root";
$password = "root";
$dbname = "search";
?>

<?php
if(isset($_POST['account'])){
$account=trim($_POST['account']);
$passwd = trim($_POST['passwd']);
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
    mysqli_set_charset($conn, "utf8");	
$sql = "SELECT * FROM admin WHERE account='$account' and
passwd='$passwd'";
$data = $conn->query($sql);
if($data->num_rows){
session_start();
$_SESSION['account']=$account;//将用户名存入session
echo '<script>alert("登陆成功");window.location.href="index.php?a=upload";</script>';
}else{
echo ( "<script >alert('账号或密码错误')</script>");
}
}
?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>管理员登录</title>
<style>
	body{
        background-image: url(../images/bg.jpg);
		background-position: center;
		background-size: cover;
	    min-height: 100vh;
	}
	.button{
		color: #000000;
		background-color: #dedddd;
		border-radius: 1px;
		border:1px solid #dedddd;
		width: 50px;
		height: 25px;


	}
	.input{

		border-radius: 1px;
		border:1px solid #000000;
		width:410px;
		height: 25px;

	}
	.box{

		filter: alpha(Opacity=70);
		-moz-opacity:0.7;
		opacity: 0.7;
		border-radius: 1px solid #ffffff;
		box-shadow: 1px 1px 50px #ffffff;
		width:410px;
		height: 50px;
		margin: auto;
		margin-top: 180px;
		margin-right: center;
		border-radius: 6px;
	}
	.boxtittle{
		width: 310px;
		margin: auto;
		margin-right: center;
		padding-top: 10px;
		text-align:center;
		cloor:#000000;

	}
	.inputbox{

		width: 410px;
		margin: auto;
		padding-top: 10px;
	}
	</style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="box">
       <div class="boxtitle">
       <p><h3>管理员登陆</h3></p>
    </div >
        <div class="inputbox">
<form action="login.php" method="post">
 <input class='inputbox' type="text" name="account" placeholder="请输入您的管理员账号">
 <input class='inputbox' type='password' name='passwd' placeholder='请输入您的密码'>
 <input class='button' type="submit" value="登录" >
 <input type="button" value="返回主页" onclick="window.location.href='search.php';"/>
</form>
 </div>
</body>
</html>

image-20201021221235944

image-20201021221248551

保存上传文件和设置路径

在upload.php写好的表单下面加这串代码就可以实现简单的上传文件，还没做好过滤等工作。（文件保存在zhunkao文件的uploads文件夹下）

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<?php

move_uploaded_file($_FILES["upfile"]["tmp_name"], "./uploads/".$_FILES["upfile"]["name"]);
?>

保存了文件之后，进行文件解析，将文件的数据保存到数据库中。这里用到PHPExcel，将PHPExcel文件夹和PHPExcel.php保存在同一目录下。

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//利用PHPExcel解析excel文件
$sFileName="uploads/".$filename;
require_once 'PHPExcel.php';
require_once 'PHPExcel/IOFactory.php';
require_once 'PHPExcel/Reader/Excel5.php';
//以上三步加载phpExcel的类

$objReader = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createReader('Excel5');//use excel2007 for 2007 format 
$objPHPExcel = $objReader->load($sFileName); //指定文件
$sheet = $objPHPExcel->getSheet(0); //读取第一个表
$highestRow = $sheet->getHighestRow(); // 取得总行数 
$highestColumn = $sheet->getHighestColumn(); // 取得总列数
$k = 0;
//循环读取excel文件,读取一条,插入一条
//j表示从哪一行开始读取
//$a表示列号
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
    mysqli_set_charset($conn, "utf8");
for($j=2;$j<=$highestRow;$j++)
{
    $a = $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell("A".$j)->getValue();//获取A列的值
    $b = $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell("B".$j)->getValue();//获取B列的值
    $c = $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell("C".$j)->getValue();//获取C列的值
    $d = $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell("D".$j)->getValue();//获取D列的值
	$sql = "INSERT INTO student (num,name,sdept,profession)
	VALUES ('$a','$b','$c','$d')";
	$result = mysqli_query($conn, $sql);
	if($result){
		$sta="ok";
	}
	else{
		$sta="no";
	}
}

完整代码：

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>上传信息</title>
<style>
	body{
        background-image: url(../images/bg.jpg);
		background-position: center;
		background-size: cover;
	    min-height: 100vh;
	}
	.button{
		color: #000000;
		background-color: #dedddd;
		border-radius: 1px;
		border:1px solid #dedddd;
		width: 50px;
		height: 25px;


	}
	.input{

		border-radius: 1px;
		border:1px solid #000000;
		width:410px;
		height: 25px;

	}
	.box{

		filter: alpha(Opacity=70);
		-moz-opacity:0.7;
		opacity: 0.7;
		border-radius: 1px solid #ffffff;
		box-shadow: 1px 1px 50px #ffffff;
		width:410px;
		height: 50px;
		margin: auto;
		margin-top: 180px;
		margin-right: center;
		border-radius: 6px;
	}
	.boxtittle{
		width: 310px;
		margin: auto;
		margin-right: center;
		padding-top: 10px;
		text-align:center;
		cloor:#000000;

	}
	.inputbox{

		width: 410px;
		margin: auto;
		padding-top: 10px;
	}
	</style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="box">
       <div class="boxtitle">
       <p><h3>上传信息</h3></p>
    </div >
        <div class="inputbox">
<form action="upload.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
 <input class='input' type="file" name="upfile" >
 <input class='botton' type="submit" value="提交">
</br></br>
<input type="button" value="插入信息" onclick="window.location.href='insert.php';"/>
<input type="button" value="修改信息" onclick="window.location.href='update.php';"/>
<input type="button" value="上一页" onclick="window.location.href='search.php';"/>


</form>
 </div>
</body>
</html>

<?php
$servername = "127.0.0.1";
$username = "root";
$password = "root";
$dbname = "search";
?>

<?php
error_reporting(0);
session_start();
if(!isset($_SESSION['account'])){
die("<script >alert('请登录');window.location.href=\"index.php?a=login\";
</script>");
}
$filename=@$_FILES["upfile"]["name"];
move_uploaded_file(@$_FILES["upfile"]["tmp_name"], "./uploads/".@$_FILES["upfile"]["name"]);
$sFileName="uploads/".$filename;
require_once 'PHPExcel.php';
require_once 'PHPExcel/IOFactory.php';
require_once 'PHPExcel/Reader/Excel5.php';
//以上三步加载phpExcel的类

$objReader = PHPExcel_IOFactory::createReader('Excel5');//use excel2007 for 2007 format 
$objPHPExcel = $objReader->load($sFileName); //指定文件
$sheet = $objPHPExcel->getSheet(0); //读取第一个表
$highestRow = $sheet->getHighestRow(); // 取得总行数 
$highestColumn = $sheet->getHighestColumn(); // 取得总列数
$k = 0;
//循环读取excel文件,读取一条,插入一条
//j表示从哪一行开始读取
//$a表示列号
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
    mysqli_set_charset($conn, "utf8");
for($j=2;$j<=$highestRow;$j++)
{
    $a = $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell("A".$j)->getValue();//获取A列的值
    $b = $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell("B".$j)->getValue();//获取B列的值
    $c = $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell("C".$j)->getValue();//获取C列的值
    $d = $objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->getCell("D".$j)->getValue();//获取D列的值
	$sql = "INSERT INTO student (num,name,sdept,profession)
	VALUES ('$a','$b','$c','$d')";
	$result = mysqli_query($conn, $sql);
	if($result){
		$sta="ok";
	}
	else{
		$sta="no";
	}
}
$highestRow=$highestRow-1;
if($sta=="ok"){
 echo '<script>alert("数据导入成功！");window.location.href="upload.php";</script>';
}
?>

页面演示：

image-20201021221514307

image-20201021221552846

成功导入数据库的student表里

image-20201021221640227

插入信息页面后端设计

在insert.php的基础上，加入登陆验证，连接数据库操作。

连接数据库：

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$servername = "127.0.0.1";
$username = "root";
$password = "root";
$dbname = "search";
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
    mysqli_set_charset($conn, "utf8");

数据库操作：

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if(isset($_POST['num'])){
$num=$_POST['num'];
$name = $_POST['name'];
$sdept=$_POST['sdept'];
$profession=($_POST['profession']);
$sql = "INSERT INTO student (num,name,sdept,profession)
	VALUES ('$num','$name','$sdept','$profession')";
	$result = mysqli_query($conn, $sql);
	if($result){
		$sta="ok";
	}
	else{
		$sta="no";
	}
if($sta=="ok"){
 echo '<script>alert("数据插入成功！");window.location.href="insert.php";</script>';
}
}

源码：

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>上传信息</title>
<style>
	body{
        background-image: url(../images/bg.jpg);
		background-position: center;
		background-size: cover;
	    min-height: 100vh;
	}
	.button{
		color: #000000;
		background-color: #dedddd;
		border-radius: 1px;
		border:1px solid #dedddd;
		width: 50px;
		height: 25px;


	}
	.input{

		border-radius: 1px;
		border:1px solid #000000;
		width:410px;
		height: 25px;

	}
	.box{

		filter: alpha(Opacity=70);
		-moz-opacity:0.7;
		opacity: 0.7;
		border-radius: 1px solid #ffffff;
		box-shadow: 1px 1px 50px #ffffff;
		width:410px;
		height: 50px;
		margin: auto;
		margin-top: 180px;
		margin-right: center;
		border-radius: 6px;
	}
	.boxtittle{
		width: 310px;
		margin: auto;
		margin-right: center;
		padding-top: 10px;
		text-align:center;
		cloor:#000000;

	}
	.inputbox{

		width: 410px;
		margin: auto;
		padding-top: 10px;
	}
	</style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="box">
       <div class="boxtitle">
       <p><h3>插入信息</h3></p>
    </div >
        <div class="inputbox">
<form action="insert.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  <input class='input' type="test" name="num" placeholder='请输入插入学生的准考证号'>
    <input class='input' type="test" name="name" placeholder='请输入插入学生的姓名'>
      <input class='input' type="test" name="sdept" placeholder='请输入插入学生的院系'>
        <input class='input' type="test" name="profession" placeholder='请输入插入学生的专业'>
         <input class='botton' type="submit" value="插入">
        <input type="button" value="上一页" onclick="window.location.href='upload.php';"/>


</form>
 </div>
</body>
</html>

<?php
$servername = "127.0.0.1";
$username = "root";
$password = "root";
$dbname = "search";
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
    mysqli_set_charset($conn, "utf8");
 session_start();
if(!isset($_SESSION['account'])){
die("<script >alert('请登录');window.location.href=\"index.php?a=login\";
</script>");
}
if(isset($_POST['num'])){
$num=$_POST['num'];
$name = $_POST['name'];
$sdept=$_POST['sdept'];
$profession=($_POST['profession']);
$sql = "INSERT INTO student (num,name,sdept,profession)
	VALUES ('$num','$name','$sdept','$profession')";
	$result = mysqli_query($conn, $sql);
	if($result){
		$sta="ok";
	}
	else{
		$sta="no";
	}
if($sta=="ok"){
 echo '<script>alert("数据插入成功！");window.location.href="insert.php";</script>';
}
}
?>

修改信息页面后端设计

与插入信息页面相似，不多做解释

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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>上传信息</title>
<style>
	body{
        background-image: url(../images/bg.jpg);
		background-position: center;
		background-size: cover;
	    min-height: 100vh;
	}
	.button{
		color: #000000;
		background-color: #dedddd;
		border-radius: 1px;
		border:1px solid #dedddd;
		width: 50px;
		height: 25px;


	}
	.input{

		border-radius: 1px;
		border:1px solid #000000;
		width:410px;
		height: 25px;

	}
	.box{

		filter: alpha(Opacity=70);
		-moz-opacity:0.7;
		opacity: 0.7;
		border-radius: 1px solid #ffffff;
		box-shadow: 1px 1px 50px #ffffff;
		width:410px;
		height: 50px;
		margin: auto;
		margin-top: 180px;
		margin-right: center;
		border-radius: 6px;
	}
	.boxtittle{
		width: 310px;
		margin: auto;
		margin-right: center;
		padding-top: 10px;
		text-align:center;
		cloor:#000000;

	}
	.inputbox{

		width: 410px;
		margin: auto;
		padding-top: 10px;
	}
	</style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="box">
       <div class="boxtitle">
       <p><h3>修改信息</h3></p>
    </div >
        <div class="inputbox">
        	<form action="alter.php" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
     <input class='input' type="test" name="num" placeholder='请输入要修改学生的准考证号'>
       <input class='input' type="test" name="name" placeholder='请输入修改后姓名'>
       <input class='input' type="test" name="sdept" placeholder='请输入修改后的院系'>
       <input class='input' type="test" name="profession" placeholder='请输入修改后的专业'>
        <input class='botton' type="submit" value="修改">
                <input type="button" value="上一页" onclick="window.location.href='upload.php';"/>



</form>
 </div>
</body>
</html>

<?php
$servername = "127.0.0.1";
$username = "root";
$password = "root";
$dbname = "search";
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
    mysqli_set_charset($conn, "utf8");
 session_start();
if(!isset($_SESSION['account'])){
die("<script >alert('请登录');window.location.href=\"index.php?a=login\";
</script>");
}
if(isset($_POST['num'])){
$num=$_POST['num'];
$name = $_POST['name'];
$sdept=$_POST['sdept'];
$profession=($_POST['profession']);
$sql= "update student set name='$name',sdept='$sdept',profession='$profession'
     where num='$num';";
	$result = mysqli_query($conn, $sql);
	if($result){
		$sta="ok";
	}
	else{
		$sta="no";
	}
if($sta=="ok"){
 echo '<script>alert("数据修改成功！");window.location.href="alter.php";</script>';
}
}
?>

查询页面后端设计

查询数据库数据

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<?php
$servername = "127.0.0.1";
$username = "root";
$password = "root";
$dbname = "search";
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
    mysqli_set_charset($conn, "utf8");

if(isset($_POST['num'])){
$num=trim($_POST['num']);
$sql = "SELECT * FROM student WHERE num='$num' ";
$data= $conn->query($sql);
$content = $data->fetch_array(MYSQL_ASSOC);

}

?>

源码：

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<?php
$servername = "127.0.0.1";
$username = "root";
$password = "root";
$dbname = "search";
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
    mysqli_set_charset($conn, "utf8");

if(isset($_POST['num'])){
$num=trim($_POST['num']);
$sql = "SELECT * FROM student WHERE num='$num' ";
$data= $conn->query($sql);
$content = $data->fetch_array(MYSQL_ASSOC);

}

?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>录取查询</title>
<style>
	body{
        background-image: url(../images/bg.jpg);
		background-position: center;
		background-size: cover;
	    min-height: 100vh;
	}
	.button{
		color: #000000;
		background-color: #dedddd;
		border-radius: 1px;
		border:1px solid #dedddd;
		width: 50px;
		height: 25px;


	}
	.input{

		border-radius: 1px;
		border:1px solid #000000;
		width:410px;
		height: 25px;

	}
	.box{

		filter: alpha(Opacity=70);
		-moz-opacity:0.7;
		opacity: 0.7;
		border-radius: 1px solid #ffffff;
		box-shadow: 1px 1px 50px #ffffff;
		width:410px;
		height: 50px;
		margin: auto;
		margin-top: 180px;
		margin-right: center;
		border-radius: 6px;
	}
	.boxtittle{
		width: 310px;
		margin: auto;
		margin-right: center;
		padding-top: 10px;
		text-align:center;
		cloor:#000000;

	}
	.inputbox{

		width: 410px;
		margin: auto;
		padding-top: 10px;
	}
    .messgbox{
         filter:alpha(Opacity=80);
         -moz-opacity:0.8;
         opacity: 0.8;
         border-radius: 1px solid #eee;
         box-shadow:1px 1px 50px #eee;
         width: 400px;
         height:200px;
         margin:auto;
         margin-top: 20px;
         border-radius: 6px;
         background-color: #fff
}
.adbox{
		width: 75px;
}
	</style>

</head>
<body>
	 <div>
<input class='adbox' type='botton' value="管理员登陆" onclick="window.location.href='login.php';">
 </div>
    <div class="box">
       <div class="boxtitle">
       <p><h3>录取查询</h3></p>
    </div >
        <div class="inputbox">
<form action="search.php" method="post">
 <input class='inputbox' type="text" name="num" placeholder="请输入您的准考证号">
 <input class='button' type="submit" value="查询" >
</form>
    <div class="messgbox">
     <p><h3><strong><?php if(@$data->num_rows)
     	
     	{
     		echo ("你已被广州交通大学录取！<br>你的准考证号是：".$content["num"]);
     		echo ("<br>姓名：".$content["name"]);
     		echo ("<br>院系：".$content["sdept"]);
     		echo ("<br>专业：".$content["profession"]);
     	} 
     	else{echo "请输入正确的准考证号";}

     	?></strong></h3></p>


 </div>

</body>
</html>

登录页面后端设计

数据库相关操作：

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<?php
$servername = "127.0.0.1";
$username = "root";
$password = "root";
$dbname = "search";
?>

<?php
if(isset($_POST['account'])){
$account=trim($_POST['account']);
$passwd = trim($_POST['passwd']);
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
    mysqli_set_charset($conn, "utf8");	
$sql = "SELECT * FROM admin WHERE account='$account' and
passwd='$passwd'";
$data = $conn->query($sql);
if($data->num_rows){
session_start();
$_SESSION['account']=$account;//将用户名存入session
echo '<script>alert("登陆成功");window.location.href="index.php?a=upload";</script>';
}else{
echo ( "<script >alert('账号或密码错误')</script>");
}
}
?>

其中，将登录信息存入session，以便登陆验证

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session_start();
$_SESSION['account']=$account;//将用户名存入session
echo '<script>alert("登陆成功");window.location.href="index.php?a=upload";</script>';
}else{
echo ( "<script >alert('账号或密码错误')</script>");

源码：

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<?php
$servername = "127.0.0.1";
$username = "root";
$password = "root";
$dbname = "search";
?>

<?php
if(isset($_POST['account'])){
$account=trim($_POST['account']);
$passwd = trim($_POST['passwd']);
$conn = mysqli_connect($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);
    mysqli_set_charset($conn, "utf8");	
$sql = "SELECT * FROM admin WHERE account='$account' and
passwd='$passwd'";
$data = $conn->query($sql);
if($data->num_rows){
session_start();
$_SESSION['account']=$account;//将用户名存入session
echo '<script>alert("登陆成功");window.location.href="index.php?a=upload";</script>';
}else{
echo ( "<script >alert('账号或密码错误')</script>");
}
}
?>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>管理员登录</title>
<style>
	body{
        background-image: url(../images/bg.jpg);
		background-position: center;
		background-size: cover;
	    min-height: 100vh;
	}
	.button{
		color: #000000;
		background-color: #dedddd;
		border-radius: 1px;
		border:1px solid #dedddd;
		width: 50px;
		height: 25px;


	}
	.input{

		border-radius: 1px;
		border:1px solid #000000;
		width:410px;
		height: 25px;

	}
	.box{

		filter: alpha(Opacity=70);
		-moz-opacity:0.7;
		opacity: 0.7;
		border-radius: 1px solid #ffffff;
		box-shadow: 1px 1px 50px #ffffff;
		width:410px;
		height: 50px;
		margin: auto;
		margin-top: 180px;
		margin-right: center;
		border-radius: 6px;
	}
	.boxtittle{
		width: 310px;
		margin: auto;
		margin-right: center;
		padding-top: 10px;
		text-align:center;
		cloor:#000000;

	}
	.inputbox{

		width: 410px;
		margin: auto;
		padding-top: 10px;
	}
	</style>
</head>
<body>
    <div class="box">
       <div class="boxtitle">
       <p><h3>管理员登陆</h3></p>
    </div >
        <div class="inputbox">
<form action="login.php" method="post">
 <input class='inputbox' type="text" name="account" placeholder="请输入您的管理员账号">
 <input class='inputbox' type='password' name='passwd' placeholder='请输入您的密码'>
 <input class='button' type="submit" value="登录" >
 <input type="button" value="返回主页" onclick="window.location.href='search.php';"/>
</form>
 </div>
</body>
</html>

chickenmushroomWeb

平平无奇的小红帽。